US Pauses Joint Canada Defense Effort  05/19 06:04

   The United States is pausing its participation on a joint board with Canada 
for continental defense that dates back to World War II, the Pentagon announced 
Monday, accusing Canada of failing "to make credible progress on its defense 
commitments."

   WASHINGTON (AP) -- The United States is pausing its participation on a joint 
board with Canada for continental defense that dates back to World War II, the 
Pentagon announced Monday, accusing Canada of failing "to make credible 
progress on its defense commitments."

   President Donald Trump has long accused Canada and other NATO countries of 
spending too little on their own militaries, arguing that the U.S. shoulders 
too much of the defense burden. Tensions with Canada also are simmering over 
tariffs, an expiring North American trade pact and a feud between Trump and 
Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney.

   "We can no longer avoid the gaps between rhetoric and reality," Elbridge 
Colby, an undersecretary of defense, said in announcing the pause in a string 
of posts on X. "Real powers must sustain our rhetoric with shared defense and 
security responsibilities."

   Colby's posts noted the increases in defense spending that Canada and other 
nations agreed to at a summit in 2025. He said the U.S. will assess how the 
Permanent Joint Board on Defense, comprised of military and civilian officials 
from both countries, "benefits shared North American defense."

   European allies and Canada have been investing heavily in their armed forces 
since Russia launched its all-out invasion of Ukraine in 2022. And NATO 
countries, including Canada, pledged last year to spend 5% of their gross 
domestic product on defense by 2035.

   Carney said last year the Canadian government would meet the previous 2% 
target for this year.

   The Pentagon said it had nothing further to provide beyond Colby's posts on 
X. Carney's office did not immediately respond to an email seeking comment on 
the Pentagon's announcement.

   The announcement reflects a weakening of U.S. relationships with traditional 
Western allies during Trump's second term. Last week, the Pentagon decided to 
draw down thousands of American troops in Europe by canceling deployments to 
Poland and Germany after Trump criticized NATO members for a lack of support 
for the U.S. and Israeli war against Iran.

   Republican Rep. Don Bacon of Nebraska criticized Monday's decision by the 
Pentagon, stating in a post on X, "Cooler & wiser brains are needed to preserve 
a close alliance w/ our neighbor."

   "This all started w/ taunts of 'Canada will be the 51st state' & 'their 
Prime Minister will be the 51st governor,'" said Bacon, who is not running for 
reelection. "The insults gained us nothing but animosity that cost us 
economically & now militarily."

   The board was established in 1940 -- a year before the U.S. entered World 
War II -- by President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Prime Minister Mackenzie King, 
according to the Congressional Research Service.

   Also known as the Ogdensburg Agreement, it helped provide a framework for 
continental defense during World War II and then the Cold War, according to the 
Brian Mulroney Institute of Government at St. Francis Xavier University in Nova 
Scotia.

   The board provided advice on the implementation of North American Aerospace 
Defense Command, or NORAD. The joint command was formed by the two countries in 
the 1950s to spot potential enemy attacks as tensions rose with the Soviet 
Union, along with fears of nuclear war.

   The board was also involved in the setup of early warning systems using 
radar stations, the Mulroney Institute said, and advised on the building of the 
St. Lawrence Seaway, which links the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes.